PS_Laboratory_Manual

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Click Here to Know Discussion Questions.

List of Experiments Detection and measurement of Partial discharge of an 11kV Pin Insulator. To test capacitance and tan delta of a 3 phase underground cable and transformer. Determination of string efficiency of a string of suspension insulator. To determine the impulse ratio of a porcelain pin insulator. Study of operating characteristics of electromechanical and Numerical over current relay. Study of operating characteristics of electromechanical under voltage and over voltage relay. To study the voltage profile of a long transmission line and effect of shunt reactor compensation. To study the scheme for power factor improvement To study the double Busbar Coupling and Busbar transfer without interruption of the power supply to the consumer. Also to study switching sequence for disconnctor/isolator and power circuit breakers.

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SAFETY GUIDE LINES IN POWER SYSTEM AND HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRICAL LABORATORY

The power levels and the rotating machines used in Electrical Labs can pose significant hazard to the laboratory users, if not handled properly. The major hazards associated with electricity are electrical shock and fire. Electrical shock occurs when the body becomes part of the electric circuit. In addition to the electrical shock hazards, sparks from electrical equipment can serve as an ignition source for flammable or explosive vapors. Some general guidelines that can be used to reduce the risk of injury caused by laboratory hazards are as follows:

1. Avoid contact with energized electrical circuits.
2. Disconnect the power source before servicing or repairing electrical equipment.
3. When it is necessary to handle equipment that is plugged in, be sure hands are dry and, when possible, wear nonconductive gloves and shoes with insulated soles.
4. If it is not unsafe to do so, work with only one hand, keeping the other hand at your side or in your pocket, away from all conductive material. This precaution reduces the likelihood of accidents that result in current passing through the chest cavity.
5. If water or a chemical is spilled onto equipment, shut off power at the main switch or circuit breaker and unplug the equipment.
6. If an individual comes in contact with a live electrical conductor, do not touch the equipment, cord or person. Disconnect the power source from the circuit breaker or pull out the plug using a leather belt.
7. Do not make circuit changes or perform any wiring when power is on.
8. Do not wear loose-fitting clothing or jewelry in the lab. Rings and necklaces are usual excellent conductors in contact with your skin.
9. It is wise in electrical labs to wear pants rather than shorts or skirts. Ties are also dangerous.
10. Powered equipment can be hot! Use caution when handling equipment after it has been operating.
11. Do your wiring, setup, and a careful circuit checkout before applying power.
12. Use wires of appropriate length. Do not allow them to drape over your equipment. Avoid splices, which create live surfaces. When running a pair of wires to adjacent terminals, twist the wires together so they don’t dangle. This also neatens your work and will save time.
13. Do not touch anything if your hands are wet. The "one-hand" approach is safest.
14. If you can't keep your hand in your pocket, do not touch any metal object with free hand.
15. Do not pull wires out until you are absolutely sure that the circuit is completely dead. Shocks can occur if an inductive load (motor or transformer) is disconnected while conducting.
16. All the electrical equipment must be connected to the proper earth line.
17. All high voltage equipment must properly be marked and danger signs displayed.
18. Don't depend on switches to de-energize a circuit. Pull the plug out from the socket/outlet.
19. If you are working on high voltage circuits, have a co-worker along with you who knows how to break the circuit to get you free and how to give you mouth-to-mouth resuscitation and closed chest heart massage.
20. When you are mentally or physically tired, avoid work on energized circuits.
21. High voltage connections must have no sharp points.
22. Permanent or temporary enclosures around high voltage equipment should be used.

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